Abstract

This article argues that counseling is a needed profession in China, and that Western developed professional counseling practices should be culturally transformed to serve Chinese people and the Chinese culture. Through comparing Western cultural roots for counseling with the cultural context of China and reviewing the psychological implications of individualism and collectivism, it is concluded that effective counseling in China needs to accommodate both individualistic and collectivistic values. Possible ways that collectivism can be incorporated into individualism-based professional counseling are also discussed.

摘要

本文提出輔導學是現時中國需要發展的專業，而從西方發展的專業輔導方法需要在文化上作出改變，才能為中國人民及中國文化服務。從比較輔導之西方文化根基及中國的文化背景，本文探討個人主義及群體主義之心理啟示，並指出在中國有效的輔導工作需要兼容個人及群體主義價值觀。此外，本文會討論將群體主義融入以個人主義為本的專業輔導的可行方法。

Abstract

Filial piety has been considered an indigenous psychological construct that governs the familial and intergenerational relationships of Chinese people. Few existing studies, however, have explored the psychological implications of filial piety in the counseling context. In this article, several psychological themes related to filial piety will first be reviewed. The adaptive functions and the potential psychological dilemma associated with filial piety will then be discussed. Finally, several applications of this psychological construct in the counseling of Chinese people will be suggested.

摘要

孝道一直以來被認為是管理中國人家庭及不同輩份關係的本土心理構念。然而，從輔導的角度去探究孝道心理涵義的文獻卻為數不多。本文先綜述了幾個有關孝道的心理主題，進而討論孝道在中國家庭中的適應功能及可能會引致的心理矛盾，最後會為這心理構念在輔導中國人的應用上提出幾項建議。

Abstract

There are two articles published in this volume discussing issues related to the counseling practice among Chinese people. Authors of the two papers have highlighted the impact of filial piety and collectivity in the Chinese society, their possible influence on clients and cautions counselors have to be aware of in the counseling process. Practical adjustments of counseling strategies due to considering the cultural differences have also been delineated. However, in order to become more effective and more competent in counseling Chinese clients, counselors have to be aware of their own beliefs, attitudes and values on filial piety and collectivity. Research efforts are needed to study the culture-related perspectives of Chinese people and the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches in the Chinese context.

摘要

今期的《亞洲輔導學報》刊登了兩篇探討在中國人社群推展輔導工作的文章。兩位作者點出了孝道和群體主義對中國社會及求助者的影響，以及在輔導過程中，輔導員要特別注意的事項。文章又探討了因著文化差異而對輔導策略作出的實際調整。而為了能夠更有效及更適當的輔導中國求助者，輔導員要留意自己對於孝道和群體主義的信念、態度和價值觀。此外，還需要研究各種與文化有關的看法，以及研究在中國社會裏運用不同治療取向的效果。

摘要

本文以時下香港年青人功利心重的現象作為引子，探討一般中小學常用以獎勵學生的代幣酬賞制（token economy）的利弊，並討論利用這種改造行為的方法時應該注意的地方。其中對行為控制與行為學習的分別，以及酬賞制的局限，都作出了論述。除了文獻回顧外，還加插了筆者的一些個人體驗，以印證酬賞制的利弊。

Abstract

In this paper, the pros and cons of the token economy, which has been used widely in primary and secondary schools in Hong Kong to manage student behavior, are examined. Theoretical issues that should be considered in order to apply the token system successfully are discussed. In particular, the distinction between behavioral control and behavioral learning, and the limitations of the token system are highlighted. Besides reviewing the literature, the author also cited his personal experience to illustrate the benefits and pitfalls of the token system.

Abstract

In the search for time-sensitive, brief and effective interventions for school problems, a practical approach is suggested for Hong Kong teachers. This approach endorses the competency orientation of the humanistic tradition, offers the advantages of systems thinking, and provides a theory of change with cognitive-behavioral and solution-focused strategies of intervention that is complementary with the constraints and needs of the school environment. Specifically, based on these assumptions, three general intervention guidelines are suggested and illustrated with corresponding case examples, demonstrating successful applications of this practical approach for brief interventions in the school setting. Implications for the use of this practical approach are discussed in the context of the whole school approach to guidance in Hong Kong schools and the movement toward a constructivist perspective in school guidance and counseling.

摘要

本文針對香港教師如何處理校內的學生問題提出一個快捷、簡易和有效的實用取向介入模式。此介入模式源自傳統「人本主義」中的能力取向，配合學校環境的限制和需要，著重從「系統思考」、「認知行為」和「尋解導向」實施介入輔導。基於這些假設，本文提出三個一般的介入原則，配合真實的個案作例子，說明如何能夠成功地將有關的介入模式應用在學校的實際環境中。有關的討論結合了香港學校現行的校本輔導取向，討論如何從「建構主義」的角度建立有效的學校輔導模式。

Abstract

Articles published in Volumes 1 to 6 of the Asian Journal of Counselling were analyzed in terms of their content focus, location of authors, and institutional affiliation. It was found that the highest percentage of articles were theoretical and integrative in nature, followed by articles about counselling practice and intervention, research articles, and articles related to counsellor training and supervision. A majority of the authors were based in Hong Kong, but a substantial number of authors were from overseas. Also, a majority of authors were affiliated with higher educational institutions. The implications of the findings were discussed and examined.

摘要

本文從文章重點、作者所屬之地區及附屬機構三方面，分析《亞洲輔導學報》第一至第六卷所刊載的文章。筆者發現文章主要是理論及綜合性質的，另外還有輔導方法與介入、研究文章，以及其他有關輔導員訓練和監管之文章。文章作者主要來自香港，其他則多來自海外；而大部分作者均屬於高等教育機構。本文最後會討論及檢視這些分析結果。