Abstract

Cognitive-behavioral model carries the notion that individuals actively use their own sets of value and beliefs to interpret their worlds, and such interpretations have direct bearings on their moods and behaviors. A 7-session group applying cognitive-behavioral procedures was designed to enhance the coping skills of aggressive children and reduce their maladaptive behaviors. Seven children aged 9-11 were recruited after assessment interviews. They exhibited low tolerance for frustration, poor self control and general lack of effective ways to express anger. Members were helped to promote the awareness of their emotions and sources of anger, and improve problem-solving strategies with reference to their conflict situations in school, family and social settings. Cognitive, emotive and behavioral techniques like short talks, structured exercises and role plays were used to facilitate change. A parallel group for the children's parents was run to enhance their understanding on the children's emotions as well as to facilitate the maintenance and generalization of new skills acquired by their children. Results from pre and post- training assessment showed that positive changes in the children's mood as well as their awareness in anger situation were evident. Implications for similar treatment attempts in the future were discussed.

摘要

香港小童群益會輔導中心在一九九二年，嘗試引用認知行為理論，以治療小組配合家長教育形式，協助七位侵略性強、自制力弱的高小兒童，改善其社交適應能力，並就小組經驗及結果，作出討論及建議。

Abstract

Compared to fresh candidates, students who fail in their first attempt in the public examination seem to carry greater anxiety, because of the past unsuccessful experience and investment that they and their families have to make, if they have the second attempt. Hence, a directive psychodynamic group therapy was developed for the repeaters of HKCEE. Five 60-minute sessions are carried out. Themes are selected for discussion each time. Teacher in the group serves as a facilitator. Although group members' anxiety had different sources, similar issues recurred each time. The result proved it is a successful program, which could help them not only to reduce their test anxiety but also resolve some of their intra- and interpersonal conflicts. The students, the recruitment, the setting, reasons of the choice of the themes, the role of the facilitator, therapy techniques, evaluation of the program and a comparison of directive and non-directive group therapy for test anxious students are discussed in the paper.

摘要

鑒於會考重讀生因上次公開考試失敗的經歷，再加上他們本身及父母的期望，他們須承受更大的考試壓力。故此，一個簡單易學的直示性心理動力團體輔導小組便應運而生。在五次約七十五分鐘的聚會中，學生除了檢討上次的失敗外，還會討論學習技巧、學校教學、家庭及自己的期望等。雖然每位同學的壓力成因不同，但每年在組中均出現相同的現象。這個輔導小組能減低組員的考試壓力及改善親子關係。文中還討論治療技巧及比較直示性與非直示性的團體治療。

摘要

在目前世界各地的教育改革中，雖然家校合作已成為重要焦點， 但由於忽略其複雜性，實踐的效果往往有限。本文目的在發展一個整全性家校合作的綜合構想，以助目前的政策討論、有效實踐管理及進 一步研究。整合性家挍合作包括兩方面：家長參與學校教育及學校支持家庭教育，並涉及多層面（個人、小組、全校）、多範疇（情意、 行為及認知）及社區的支援。整合性家校合作的特性和功能與傳統運作頗為不同，對學生教育較為全面而有效，並對長遠的學校效能較有貢獻。

Abstract

Even though home-school cooperation is an important concern in ongoing education reforms in both local and international contexts, the ignorance of its complicated nature has set a tight limit to the effectiveness of its implementation and practice. This paper aims to develop a comprehensive conception of total-home school cooperation that can facilitate ongoing policy discussion, effective implementation and management, and further research. The total home-school cooperation includes two basic aspects: parental involvement in school education and school support in family education and is conceptualized in multi-levels (such as individual, group, and school levels) and multi-domains (such as affective, behavioral, and cognitive domains) with the support from the community. Its characteristics and functions are very different from the traditional practices. It should be more comprehensive and effective to student education and can make more contribution to long term school effectiveness.

Abstract

As a first step for further empirical study on this area, a qualitative study was conducted by the author to explore how adolescents may be affected by the interparental conflicts of their parents. The results suggest that adolescents in Hong Kong are very sensitive to the conflicts of their parents. How adolescents assess the conflict situation may be an important factor that determines the effect of the conflict. Adolescents may feel very disturbed and stressful if the conflict of their parents might lead to divorce or separation. Some group members expressed that they would intervene to distract their parents from their own conflicts by developing problems in their lives. Most of the subjects hoped that their homes would be a place of peace and harmony.

摘要

此質量研究之設計，目的是透過小組，探討父母之間的衝突會對青少年產生甚麼影響。結果顯示香港的青少年對他們父母之間的衝突非常敏感。青少年如何衡量衝突情況，是他們受這些衝突矛盾影響的主因。倘若父母間的衝突矛盾會導致離婚，會帶給青少年很大的壓力。他們亦感到非常困擾。部分小組成員表示他們會故意在生活中製造麻煩和問題，以圖藉此來干預父母間之衝突。大部分組員都希望他們的家是一個和平協調之所。

Abstract

This is a pilot project adopting a coping-rest model and cognitivebehavioural techniques in helping members manage their stress. Treatment focused specifically on modifying the maladaptive cognitive, physiological and behavioural responses to stress by using cognitive behavioural techniques of thought stopping, positive self-statements, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving training, assertion training and relaxation exercises. Members expressed positive feedbacks about the techniques learnt, Moreover, their pre- and post-test scores on GHQ-30 indicated a reduction in distress symptoms experienced by members at the end of the group. In spite of these encouraging results, exisiting models used to guide the design of a stress management group appear inadequate and a more comprehensive model is needed. Moreover, feedbacks from members indicated the needs to strengthen as well as modify the structure and content of the group.

摘要

近年來，社會服務團體紛紛舉辦減壓小組及課程。這些活動主要讓參加者了解減壓的重要性及學習一些處理壓力的技巧。但不少這類的活動缺乏一些理論根據及指引，故在內容及推行上未能全面發揮減壓活動應有的功能。有見及此，本文作者嘗試採用了一個減壓理論架構及認知行為學派的輔導技巧去協助組員學習一些減壓技巧。本文大致分三部分：（一）介紹理論架構及技巧，（二）介紹這理論及技巧如何應用在小組中，（三）檢討小組成效及提出改善之建議。

Abstract

Emerging from two-parent family into single-parent family infers a change in family structure and members of the family need to take up new roles. Guidance and support are needed in view of the changes to singleparents and their children. Based on empirical data, some unmet needs of single-parent families are identified and confirmed. Reaching-out for singleparents, advocating their rights and developing the strengths of family members were found to be feasible to meet the unmet needs. Further steps to enhance adjustment and progress of single-parent families were suggested.

摘要

當一個家庭由雙親變成單親，在家庭結構上必起變化，而家庭成員需扮演新的角色。在這過渡期，單親及其子女極需輔助與支持，本文指出單親家庭一 些需關注的情況，而主動支援，倡導權益及發展家庭成員的強項是嘗試面對這些情況的策略。最後，本文會建議一些令單親家庭有進一步成長的重點及方法。

Abstract

There is a growing awareness worldwide of the negative effect that sexual harassment has on individual and communal life, and also a growing awareness that institutions such as schools and workplace have a responsibility to actively combat harassment as it manifests within their organizations. By virtue of their roles in such institutions, counsellors are frequently the individuals who first become aware of and are made responsible for addressing the effects of sexual harassment on individuals and groups. The focus of this paper is to highlight common issues that arise in counselling in cases of sexual harassment and to offer some strategies to counsellors. The paper provides a working definition of what constitutes sexual harassment. It describes a prototypical response frequently observed in the targets and perpetrators of harassment. The paper offers strategies for counselling targets of sexual harassment. Finally, some cultural considerations to which counsellors should be sensitive are described.

摘要

關於性騷擾的普世醒覺有兩方面。一為此等侵犯對個人及群禮之負面影響。二為社會團體（如學校及工作機構）積極對付當中性侵犯之責任感。基於輔導員在社會機構的角色，他們往往會首先察覺及負責處理性騷擾所帶來的影響。 本文集中探討輔導性騷擾個案所引起常見的論題，並提供一些處理策略。首先建立一個性騷擾的實用定義。其次描述性騷擾主體和客體之間經常觀 察到的情緒反應。再者，本文介紹如何輔導性騷擾之受害者。最後文中指出一些輔導員應注意的文化因素。

Abstract

This paper identifies selected Native traditions and healing practices in order to enable practitioners to recognize potential incompatibilities, inconsistencies and incongruities with mainstream counselling and therapy. It hypothesizes that conventional helping has often been used as an extension of the dominant societal tendency to colonize Native people because many practitioners have been insufficiently knowledgeable about Native culture or because they were unaware of the healing alternatives available to members of the Native conununity. It concludes with the observation the indigenous services created and operated by Native people have the greatest healing potential to be for the Native community.

摘要

以我們一向慣用的輔導方法去協助那些生活在北美土著社區的人們，往往並不適合，甚至會對他們造成損害。因此，許多土著人都會運用其傳統的方法去解決酗酒、毒癖、虐待以及家庭破裂等問題。本文旨在探討一些現在仍然沿用的土 著傳統輔導方法，並且從觀察中得出以下結論：由土著所設立及推行的土著式輔導服務，對於需要輔導的土著人來說幫助最大！

Abstract

This paper examines the reasons for extramarital affairs. A developmental theoretical model and therapeutic framework is proposed by the author to work with noninvolved spouses in the treatment process, and the relevant therapeutic techniques are discussed. Counselling of the noninvolved spouse can be very helpful in dealing with issues of one's identity and self-esteem. The resolution and consolidation of one's identity and the restoration of self-esteem need to be accomplished if one wants to overcome the immediate crisis of the extramarital affair. A case example is used to illustrate the therapeutic procedures.

摘要

近年來，發生婚外情的案件日趨嚴重。本文討論影響婚外情發生的各種因素。作者嘗試從發展的理念模式，討論治療員在輔導非涉及婚外情的配偶時所採用之介入方法。在此過程中幫助案主處理個人的哀傷，重建自我的價值及身分，使案主能用較積極的態度去正視及處理自己的婚姻問題。

摘要

老年人囗數字日增已是一個不爭的事實。在社會上我們亦察覺到政府有關部門及民間熱心社團正努力地為高齡市民帶來各類的安老服務項目。然而在眾多安老服務項目中，老人心理衛生及老人心理輔導始終只佔很少的比重。筆者有見及此，在本文內會首先介紹作為一個有效率的老人輔導員應具備那九項條件。再進而以實際案例列舉老年輔導上的十三項忌諱並加以討論。期望輔導界同仁能夠更積極投入老人心理輔導工作大家庭中，多為老年案主提供高水準和高質素的心理輔導服務。

Abstract

The rapid increas of elderly population worldwide is an undebatable fact. We are aware of the government and non-governmental efforts in providing welfare services for the older persons in Hong Kong. But among the various welfare services for the elderly, mental health and counselling are still severely behind in both quantity and quality. In this paper, we will first introduce the nine basic criteria for an effective counsellor for older persons. Then we will discuss the thirteen dos and don'ts in counselling the elderly with concrete case excerpts. Hopefully we can draw the attention of the helping professionals regarding the needs of counselling services for older persons, consequentially upgrading the quality and quantity of such services in future.